Wenchao Yin, Yanzhao Yang, Hongning Tong

Molecular Plant; 2026; IF: 24.1

DOI:10.1016/j.molp.2026.01.002

Abstract

Rice grain yield per unit area is jointly determined by panicle number per unit area, grain 9 number per panicle, and grain weight. Among these components, grain number per panicle 10 is widely regarded as the most effective contributor to yield improvement. However, 11 enhancement of grain number is commonly coupled with penalties in other yield traits, such 12 as grain size and spikelet fertility, posing a major challenge for yield improvement. 13 Therefore, elucidating the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying the coupling and 14 trade-offs among yield components is essential for understanding crop yield formation and 15 for enabling rational molecular design in crop improvement.